GhBounty

    pub fn init_stake_deposit(        ctx: Context<InitStakeDeposit>,        amount: u64,    ) -> Result<()> {        require!(amount >= MIN_STAKE_LAMPORTS, EscrowError::StakeTooSmall);         let stake = &mut ctx.accounts.stake;        stake.owner = ctx.accounts.owner.key();        stake.amount = amount;        stake.status = StakeStatus::Active;        stake.created_at = Clock::get()?.unix_timestamp;        stake.locked_until = stake.created_at + STAKE_LOCK_SECONDS;        stake.bump = ctx.bumps.stake;         // Transfer lamports from owner to the stake PDA.        invoke(            &system_instruction::transfer(                &ctx.accounts.owner.key(),                &stake.key(),                amount,            ),            &[                ctx.accounts.owner.to_account_info(),                stake.to_account_info(),

1. Line 149 require!(amount >= MIN_STAKE_LAMPORTS, EscrowError::StakeTooSmall);: An explicit validation that aborts the instruction with an error.
2. Line 151 let stake = &mut ctx.accounts.stake;: Touches staking state: the amount locked and when it was locked.
3. Line 155 stake.created_at = Clock::get()?.unix_timestamp;: Reads on-chain time from the Clock sysvar.
4. Line 157 stake.bump = ctx.bumps.stake;: Uses the bump seed, the extra byte that pushes the derived address off the ed25519 curve.
5. Line 160 invoke(: Makes a cross-program invocation into another program.

    })    .instruction();} /* ================================================================ * GHB-188: init_stake_deposit helpers (MCP account activation) * ================================================================ */ /** * Derive the stake-deposit PDA. Mirrors the on-chain seeds *   seeds = [STAKE_DEPOSIT_SEED, owner.key().as_ref()] * so callers can compute the address before sending the tx. * * The PDA is one-per-owner; trying to init a second time fails with * Anchor's "account already exists" error. */export function deriveStakeDepositPda(owner: PublicKey): [PublicKey, number] {  return PublicKey.findProgramAddressSync(    [STAKE_DEPOSIT_SEED, owner.toBuffer()],    PROGRAM_ID,  );} /**

1. Line 442 * Derive the stake-deposit PDA. Mirrors the on-chain seeds: Touches staking state: the amount locked and when it was locked.
2. Line 443 * seeds = [STAKE_DEPOSIT_SEED, owner.key().as_ref()]: Declares the PDA seeds. Anchor re-derives the address and rejects the account if it doesn't match.
3. Line 450 return PublicKey.findProgramAddressSync(: Derives a PDA from seeds and the program ID and returns the address with its canonical bump.